Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) is a transcriptional regulatory protein of the nuclear receptor superfamily, widely expressed in various human tissue cells. It coregulates systemic inflammatory immune response, glucose and lipid metabolism, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and stress response. After specifically binding to glucocorticoids, GR translocates into the nucleus to regulate the transcription of downstream inflammation and metabolism-related target genes, inhibit excessive inflammatory responses, adjust metabolic balance and suppress abnormal cell proliferation. Functional defects, abnormal expression or signaling disorder of GR lead to uncontrolled inflammation, metabolic disorder and immune imbalance, inducing autoimmune diseases, metabolic syndrome, tumors and chronic inflammatory diseases.